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Abstract
Lean Manufacturing is a structured program whose objective is to maximize the effectiveness of the company. It is based on the practices and methods of KAIZEN / LEAN applied by the world's best companies. The experiences from the Author led us to the conclusion that the Lean Manufacturing is based , among others, on the following concepts: - Total Productive Maintenance TPM - Single Minute Exchange Die SMED The Lean Manufacturing focuses on the systematic pursuit and elimination of waste and losses. The losses identified are analyzed, evaluated in adequate manner to the attribute processes. The result of the analysis determines where and how to intervene. In the paper has been presented the bases of Lean Manufacturing. The results of the implementation of Lean Manufacturing in different companies have been described. The main issues of Lean Manufacturing implementation have been characterized.

Abstract
This paper is an attempt to analyze some of methodologies and models used to identify the most important factors to promote competitiveness on different levels: international, national, regional, industrial, and under a systemic and cluster approach. The purpose is to support the design of an appropriate model to analyze competitive performance of a local industry in Mexico, specifically the candy industry. The results are useful to understand the areas of opportunity present in the candy industry and allow proposing strategic actions to promote competitiveness. The goal of this article is to propose a strategic agenda to strengthen the competitiveness factor that makes the cluster approach distinctive among others, namely the role of actors and linking businesses.
This paper presents partial results of research of a doctoral thesis analyzing the case of the candy industry from the point of view of industrial clusters. The research is relevant considering that it presents a methodology for measuring the degree of functionality of a productive activity considered as "outstanding" in a local economy under international operation standards, which is not common in studies of developing countries.

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to make a diagnosis of an economic activity identified as relevant in a local economy, in order to verify if it meets the criteria that characterize an industrial cluster. This paper presents the overall results of research which analyzes the case of the candy and chocolate industries from the point of view of industrial clusters. The research is relevant considering that it presents a methodology for measuring the degree of functionality of a productive activity considered as relevant in a local economy under international operation standards, which is not common in studies of countries in Latin America.
The study seeks to answer the following research questions:
- What is an industrial cluster and what are its characteristics ?
- How to identify and evaluate an economic activity under a focus for industrial cluster?
- What are the competitive strengths and opportunities for local economic activity?
- Is it possible to design a strategy to promote the competitiveness of local economic activity?
The paper consists of the following parts:
- An introduction that presents the general problem context of the research subject is
- Theoretical studies and related research methodology.
Results of the investigation
- Proposition of strategic intervention to improve the functionality of the local cluster studied The case study focuses on San Luis Potosí State, México, and it seeks to demonstrate the need to carry out industrial cluster initiatives as a strategy to promote enterprise development and strengthen economic activities in the manufacture of candies and chocolate, identified as relevant in the local context.